Chiton, Χιτον - A short tunic commonly worn in the Hellenistic period that comprised, along with the Chlamys, the "uniform" of the Hellenistic soldier. The chiton had short sleeves and reached down to mid-thigh or knee length; it was often worn with a belt.

Chlamys, Χλαμυς - A cloak commonly worn in the Hellenistic period that comprised, along with the Chiton, the "uniform" of the Hellenistic soldier. This garment is of Macedonian origin and is semi-circular in shape; it is usually worn with the opening at the side (so that one shoulder is exposed).

Kopis, Κοπις - A single-edged sword designed for slashing. The kopis can be identified easily by its distinct blade, which is curved forwards, and by its hilt, which is often curved or "beaked." The Iberian falcata and the kopis appear to be different names for the same weapon. This weapon bears a superficial resemblance to the Nepalese kukri and fulfilled the same role as the falchion in medieval warfare.

Thyreos, Θυρεος - A large oval shield of Celtic origin that was widely used by soldiers throughout the Hellenistic world. There were many different types of thyreoi, but generally the shield was of wooden plank construction with a wooden boss and spindle (which usually took the form of a vein that gradually widened, forming a large bulge boss in the middle) with a leather or felt covering. Some thyreoi also had metallic rims which preserved the edge of the shield. Perhaps the single most ubiquitous symbol of warfare in the Hellenistic age, the thyreos was in use from Spain to Afghanistan and almost everywhere in between.

Xiphos, Ξιφος - A short double-edged thrusting sword with a leaf-shaped blade. It was the sidearm of the common hoplite throughout the Classical age and coexisted with the Kopis in the Hellenistic period, though its use was in decline by the middle of that age.